Page 174 - Microsoft Word -Cow Book 10-06-09 final update.doc

COW - A post heifer, female bovine which has been bred and produces milk.

CHECK RATING - (Federal Spot Check) - A rating conducted on a group of IMS listed
Grade A farms based on a random sampling

CLAW - The sanitary manifold that spaces and connects the four teat cup assemblies
into a milking unit.

CULL ANIMALS - Animals removed or separated from the rest of the herd because of
some undesirable defect/illness.

DAIRY REPLACEMENT - A heifer being raised for milk production.

DOWNER COW - A cow physically unable to stand.

DRY COW - A cow not producing milk (in the nonlactating stage). The cow is "dried
off" approximately 50-60 days prior to estimated calving date.

DRY TREATMENT - Mastitis drug prevention (IV, IM or orally) begun when lactation
has ceased, and is usually about 60 days prior to calving.

FIRST CALF HEIFER - The first lactation period as a cow.

FREE MARTIN - The sterile female twin bovine of a male calf which because of
hormonal exchange shows male tendencies. Often used as heat detectors within the
breeding female herd.

HEIFER - A female bovine between calf and puberty (approximately 15 months old)

KETOSIS - A metabolic disease of lactating cows resulting in low blood sugar.

MASTITIS - A bacterial infection of the udder.

MECHANICAL CLEANING - Cleaning by circulation and/or flowing chemical
detergent and water rinses onto and over the surfaces by mechanical means.

MILK FEVER - An imbalance in the calcium/phosphorus ratio in a bovine dairy
animal, immediately after calving.

MILK HOSE - A hose that connects the claw or milker to a bucket or a milking
pipeline or a milk conveying line.

164